This real-time application was developed to calculate the ESI (Emphysema Severity Index). ESI is a validated parameter developed to support the evaluation of emphysema severity in smokers, ex smokers, patients with COPD. The required input data are flow-volume measurements usually available in output reports provided by standard spirometers. (i.e. flow values, FVC). DLco% is not required for this analysis. This real-time software (ESI web app) has been validated in a large population (6.000 subjects) of smokers, ex smokers and subjects with COPD (see bibliography).
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Mariaelena Occhipinti, Matteo Paoletti, James D. Crapo, Barry J. Make, David A. Lynch, Vito Brusasco, Federico Lavorini, Edwin K. Silverman, Elizabeth A. Regan and Massimo Pistolesi. Validation of a method to assess emphysema severity by spirometry in the COPDGene study. Respir Res 21, 103 (2020). Mariaelena Occhipinti, Matteo Paoletti, Brian J. Bartholmai, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, Ronald A. Karwoski, Cosimo Nardi, Riccardo Inchingolo, Anna R. Larici, Gianna Camiciottoli, Federico Lavorini, Stefano Colagrande, Vito Brusasco and Massimo Pistolesi. Spirometric assessment of emphysema presence and severity as measured by quantitative CT and CT-based radiomics in COPD. Respiratory Research; 2019 20:101 Pistolesi M, Camiciottoli G, Paoletti M, Marmai C, Lavorini F, Meoni E, Marchesi C, Giuntini C. Identification of a predominant COPD phenotype in clinical practice. Respiratory Medicine 2008; 102:367-76. Paoletti M, Camiciottoli G, Meoni E, Bigazzi F, Cestelli L, Pistolesi M, Marchesi C. Explorative data analysis techniques and unsupervised clustering methods to support clinical assessment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) phenotypes. Journal of Biomedical Informatics 2009; 42:1013-1021. Paoletti M, Cestelli L, Bigazzi F, Camiciottoli G, Pistolesi M. Pulmonary function and CT lung density are not linearly correlated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Radiology 2015; 266:571-578. Occhipinti M, Paoletti M, Bigazzi F, Camiciottoli G, Inchingolo R, Larici AR, Pistolesi M. Emphysematous and non-emphysematous gas trapping in COPD: quantitative CT findings and pulmonary function. Radiology 2018; 287:683-692.